Genetic Diversity and Molecular Characterization of Brazilian Wheat Varieties Obtained by Microsatellite Markers

Aims: Evaluating the genetic diversity and molecular characterization of wheat varieties in Brazil, using microsatellite markers.

Study Design: Random sampling of seeds from 32 varieties, was done.

Place and Duration of Study: Biotechnology lab, Coodetec, BR 467, km 98. Cascavel, PR, Brazil, between July 2011 to July 2012.

Methodology: Thirty-two varieties were evaluated with 23 markers, using capillary gel electrophoresis. After DNA extraction, and gels scoring, the genetic distances were obtained, the clustering by UPGMA method, the frequency of each allele and Probability of Random Identity (PRI).

Results: It was observed two to eight alleles by loci and genetic distances ranging from 0.31 to 0.90. The varieties were grouped into 11 groups. From the estimated PRI, 15 markers were identified that identify all 32 varieties with a maximum of 0.0001% PRI. High variability among wheat varieties was observed and also high efficiency in the identification of varieties with microsatellite markers.

Conclusion: This approach can be used in breeding programs and for the protection of intellectual property of wheat varieties breeders.