Interleukin 10 Gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Nephropathy in Egyptian Diabetic Patients

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is recognized as one of the most common causes of end-stage renal disease. In T2DM patients, a certain cytokine genotype is associated with an increased susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy.

Aim: In this study we clarify the relation between IL-10 gene polymorphisms at position (-592 A/C) and its plasma levels in T2D Egyptian patients with and without nephropathy.

Methods: 80 subjects were enrolled in this study, 30 diabetic patients without nephropathy, 30 DN patients and 20 healthy control subjects. For all subjects, kidney function tests, FBG, HbA1c, estimation of micro-albuminuria, plasma IL-10 level and IL-10 gene polymorphism were done.

Results and Conclusions: Diabetic patients with and without nephropathy exhibited significantly higher FBG, HbA1c than healthy subjects. Creatinine levels were increased in DN patients compared to both diabetic without nephropathy and healthy subjects. There is significant increase in micro-albuminuria levels in DN patients compared to diabetic without nephropathy and healthy control subjects. There is significant increase in IL-10 levels in DN patients compared to diabetic without nephropathy and healthy control subjects. The IL-10-(592) CC genotype associated with an increased risk of type 2 DM and the C allele was significantly associated with an increased risk of type 2 DM, there are no significant differences between the two T2D patient groups as regard IL-10 gene polymorphism.